1.
State what is meant by ATP.
[1 mark]
- adenine, ribose, three phosphates
JD SCIENCE
Energy transfers in and between organisms
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by glycolysis.
[1 mark]
- glucose to 2 pyruvate in cytoplasm
3.
State what is meant by the link reaction.
[1 mark]
- pyruvate to acetyl CoA
4.
State what is meant by the Krebs cycle.
[1 mark]
- oxidises acetate, produces reduced coenzymes and ATP
5.
State what is meant by oxidative phosphorylation.
[1 mark]
- electrons down the ETC, chemiosmosis
6.
State what is meant by photosynthesis light-dependent reaction.
[1 mark]
- thylakoid, photolysis, ATP and reduced NADP
7.
State what is meant by the Calvin cycle.
[1 mark]
- stroma, RuBP + CO₂ → GP → TP
8.
State what is meant by a limiting factor of photosynthesis.
[1 mark]
- light, CO₂ or temperature
9.
State what is meant by a biomass transfer.
[1 mark]
- energy lost as heat, waste, not eaten
10.
State what is meant by net primary production.
[1 mark]
- NPP = GPP − respiration
11.
Amira is asked about ATP in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- immediate energy currency
(b) [3 marks]
- hydrolysis is catalysed by ATP hydrolase
12.
Amira is asked about glycolysis in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- net 2 ATP, 2 reduced NAD
(b) [3 marks]
- anaerobic or aerobic
13.
Amira is asked about the link reaction in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- CO₂ removed, NAD reduced
(b) [3 marks]
- in the matrix
14.
Amira is asked about the Krebs cycle in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- matrix
(b) [3 marks]
- CO₂ released
15.
Amira is asked about oxidative phosphorylation in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- inner mitochondrial membrane
(b) [3 marks]
- most ATP
16.
Amira is asked about photosynthesis light-dependent reaction in a AQA Biology paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- electron transport
(b) [3 marks]
- oxygen by-product
17.
NPP if GPP=80 and R=30 (arbitrary units)
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 50
18.
Efficiency 12 000 kJ to 1 200 kJ
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 10%
19.
RQ of C₆H₁₂O₆: CO₂/O₂
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 1
20.
2 pyruvate from 1 glucose. How many CO₂ in two link reactions?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 2
21.
A plant fixes 6 CO₂. How many turns of Calvin cycle?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 6
22.
ATP from substrate-level phosphorylation per glucose in glycolysis
[3 marks]
- Final answer: net 2
23.
Amira carries out a AQA-style required practical linked to energy transfers. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the independent variable for this topic
- Dependent: the measured outcome
(b) [2 marks]
- keep all other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- repeat and calculate a mean / use a tighter method
24.
Amira carries out collecting valid data for energy transfers. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a chosen factor
- Dependent: a quantitative measurement
(b) [2 marks]
- calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- systematic error from zero error
25.
Amira carries out drawing a graph for energy transfers. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: x-variable
- Dependent: y-variable
(b) [2 marks]
- same scale / same apparatus
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not drawing a line of best fit through the trend
26.
Amira carries out evaluating a method about energy transfers. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: method change
- Dependent: precision / accuracy
(b) [2 marks]
- same sample size
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- too few repeats
27.
Compare ATP with glycolysis.
[4 marks]
- adenine, ribose, three phosphates
- glucose to 2 pyruvate in cytoplasm
- give one linked difference
28.
Compare glycolysis with the link reaction.
[4 marks]
- glucose to 2 pyruvate in cytoplasm
- pyruvate to acetyl CoA
- give one linked difference
29.
Compare the link reaction with the Krebs cycle.
[4 marks]
- pyruvate to acetyl CoA
- oxidises acetate, produces reduced coenzymes and ATP
- give one linked difference
30.
Compare the Krebs cycle with oxidative phosphorylation.
[4 marks]
- oxidises acetate, produces reduced coenzymes and ATP
- electrons down the ETC, chemiosmosis
- give one linked difference
31.
Apply your knowledge of the Calvin cycle to this situation: needs ATP and reduced NADP
[3 marks]
- needs ATP and reduced NADP
32.
Apply your knowledge of a limiting factor of photosynthesis to this situation: shown by plateaus on graphs
[3 marks]
- shown by plateaus on graphs