1.
State what is meant by circular motion.
[1 mark]
- a = v²/r = ω²r
JD SCIENCE
Further mechanics and thermal physics
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by simple harmonic motion.
[1 mark]
- a = −ω²x
3.
State what is meant by energy in SHM.
[1 mark]
- transfers between KE and PE
4.
State what is meant by resonance.
[1 mark]
- driving frequency = natural frequency
5.
State what is meant by internal energy.
[1 mark]
- sum of random KE and PE of molecules
6.
State what is meant by ideal gas assumptions.
[1 mark]
- point particles, no PE, elastic collisions
7.
State what is meant by the first law of thermodynamics.
[1 mark]
- Q = ΔU + W (sign convention as on your spec)
8.
State what is meant by Brownian motion.
[1 mark]
- evidence for molecules
9.
State what is meant by capacitance (if on your route) or angular speed.
[1 mark]
- ω=2πf=θ/t
10.
State what is meant by centripetal force examples.
[1 mark]
- gravity for orbits, tension for a bung, friction for a car
11.
Amira is asked about circular motion in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- resultant force towards the centre
(b) [3 marks]
- not a new force
12.
Amira is asked about simple harmonic motion in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- isochronous for small angles on a pendulum
(b) [3 marks]
- T=2π√(l/g) or 2π√(m/k)
13.
Amira is asked about energy in SHM in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- total constant if no damping
(b) [3 marks]
- E = ½mω²A²
14.
Amira is asked about resonance in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- large amplitude
(b) [3 marks]
- damping reduces the peak
15.
Amira is asked about internal energy in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- U increases when heated or when work is done on the system
(b) [3 marks]
- first law
16.
Amira is asked about ideal gas assumptions in a AQA Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- pV=NkT
(b) [3 marks]
- RMS speed from (1/2)m c² = (3/2)kT
17.
v=ωr. ω=4.0 rad/s, r=0.50 m
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 2.0 m/s
18.
a=v²/r. v=6, r=2
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 18 m s⁻²
19.
T=2π√(l/g). l=1.0, g=9.8
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 2.0 s
20.
pV=nRT. n=2.0, T=300, V=0.050, R=8.31. p
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 9.97 × 10⁴ Pa
21.
(3/2)kT for T=300 K (k=1.38×10⁻²³)
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 6.21 × 10⁻²¹ J
22.
A mass on a spring: T=0.80 s. f
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 1.25 Hz
23.
Amira carries out a AQA-style required practical linked to further mechanics and thermal physics. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the independent variable for this topic
- Dependent: the measured outcome
(b) [2 marks]
- keep all other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- repeat and calculate a mean / use a tighter method
24.
Amira carries out collecting valid data for further mechanics and thermal physics. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a chosen factor
- Dependent: a quantitative measurement
(b) [2 marks]
- calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- systematic error from zero error
25.
Amira carries out drawing a graph for further mechanics and thermal physics. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: x-variable
- Dependent: y-variable
(b) [2 marks]
- same scale / same apparatus
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not drawing a line of best fit through the trend
26.
Amira carries out evaluating a method about further mechanics and thermal physics. This is a typical AQA required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: method change
- Dependent: precision / accuracy
(b) [2 marks]
- same sample size
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- too few repeats
27.
Compare circular motion with simple harmonic motion.
[4 marks]
- a = v²/r = ω²r
- a = −ω²x
- give one linked difference
28.
Compare simple harmonic motion with energy in SHM.
[4 marks]
- a = −ω²x
- transfers between KE and PE
- give one linked difference
29.
Compare energy in SHM with resonance.
[4 marks]
- transfers between KE and PE
- driving frequency = natural frequency
- give one linked difference
30.
Compare resonance with internal energy.
[4 marks]
- driving frequency = natural frequency
- sum of random KE and PE of molecules
- give one linked difference
31.
Apply your knowledge of the first law of thermodynamics to this situation: energy conservation
[3 marks]
- energy conservation
32.
Apply your knowledge of Brownian motion to this situation: random collisions
[3 marks]
- random collisions