1.
State what is meant by an ECG.
[1 mark]
- electrical activity of the heart
JD SCIENCE
Physiological measurement
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by blood pressure.
[1 mark]
- force of blood on artery walls
3.
State what is meant by spirometry.
[1 mark]
- lung volumes and flow
4.
State what is meant by pulse oximetry.
[1 mark]
- estimate of oxygen saturation
5.
State what is meant by peak flow.
[1 mark]
- fastest blow into a meter
6.
State what is meant by audiometry / vision (idea).
[1 mark]
- screening physiological tests
7.
State what is meant by a biological signal.
[1 mark]
- small voltages or flows
8.
State what is meant by calibration of physiological kit.
[1 mark]
- simulators and leak tests
9.
State what is meant by patient preparation.
[1 mark]
- rest, clothing, explanation, consent
10.
State what is meant by normal vs artefact.
[1 mark]
- know common traces
11.
Chris is asked about an ECG in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- correct lead placement
(b) [3 marks]
- artefact from movement or poor contact
12.
Chris is asked about blood pressure in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- correct cuff size and position
(b) [3 marks]
- document arm and position
13.
Chris is asked about spirometry in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- technique-dependent
(b) [3 marks]
- contraindications exist
14.
Chris is asked about pulse oximetry in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- poor if cold hands or nail polish
(b) [3 marks]
- not the same as arterial blood gas
15.
Chris is asked about peak flow in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- asthma monitoring
(b) [3 marks]
- best of three
16.
Chris is asked about audiometry / vision (idea) in a City & Guilds Healthcare Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- quiet room, calibrated kit
(b) [3 marks]
- refer if fail
17.
BP 118/76. Pulse pressure?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 42 mmHg
18.
Best of three peak flows: 380, 400, 390. Record?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 400
19.
ECG paper 25 mm/s. 5 large squares is how many seconds?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 1.0 s
20.
HR from R-R of 20 small squares (1 mm = 0.04 s): 60 / 0.80
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 75 bpm
21.
Spo2 readings 96, 97, 96. Mean?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 96.3 (or 96%)
22.
A clinic of 15 ECGs at 8 min each. Total time?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 120 min
23.
Chris carries out a T-Level occupational task on physiological measurement. This is a typical City & Guilds required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the factor being investigated
- Dependent: the measured result or quality check
(b) [2 marks]
- follow the SOP and keep other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not recording the batch/lot number or operator ID
24.
Chris carries out writing or following an SOP for physiological measurement. This is a typical City & Guilds required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a step in the method
- Dependent: whether the acceptance criteria are met
(b) [2 marks]
- same calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- skipping a verification check
25.
Chris carries out a COSHH / risk-assessment review for physiological measurement. This is a typical City & Guilds required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: hazard
- Dependent: control measure effectiveness
(b) [2 marks]
- same PPE and waste route
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- using expired reagents or the wrong waste stream
26.
Chris carries out data review in a LIMS or quality log for physiological measurement. This is a typical City & Guilds required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: sample ID
- Dependent: result vs specification
(b) [2 marks]
- same calculation method
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- transcription error between the instrument and the LIMS
27.
Compare an ECG with pulse oximetry.
[4 marks]
- electrical activity of the heart
- estimate of oxygen saturation
- state one workplace implication
28.
Compare blood pressure with peak flow.
[4 marks]
- force of blood on artery walls
- fastest blow into a meter
- state one workplace implication
29.
Compare spirometry with audiometry / vision (idea).
[4 marks]
- lung volumes and flow
- screening physiological tests
- state one workplace implication
30.
Compare pulse oximetry with a biological signal.
[4 marks]
- estimate of oxygen saturation
- small voltages or flows
- state one workplace implication
31.
Apply your knowledge of a biological signal to this situation: need a good electrode / sensor
[3 marks]
- need a good electrode / sensor
32.
Apply your knowledge of calibration of physiological kit to this situation: before the clinic
[3 marks]
- before the clinic