1.
State what is meant by a transverse wave.
[1 mark]
- oscillations perpendicular to direction of energy transfer
JD SCIENCE
P4 Waves and radioactivity
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by a longitudinal wave.
[1 mark]
- oscillations parallel to energy transfer
3.
State what is meant by amplitude.
[1 mark]
- maximum displacement from equilibrium
4.
State what is meant by wavelength.
[1 mark]
- distance between two corresponding points
5.
State what is meant by frequency.
[1 mark]
- waves per second
6.
State what is meant by wave speed.
[1 mark]
- v = fλ
7.
State what is meant by the EM spectrum.
[1 mark]
- radio → microwave → IR → visible → UV → X-ray → gamma
8.
State what is meant by reflection.
[1 mark]
- wave bounces off a boundary
9.
State what is meant by refraction.
[1 mark]
- wave changes speed and direction in a new medium
10.
State what is meant by ultrasound.
[1 mark]
- sound above 20 kHz
11.
Grace is asked about a transverse wave in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- light, water, S-waves
(b) [3 marks]
- has peaks and troughs
12.
Grace is asked about a longitudinal wave in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- sound, P-waves
(b) [3 marks]
- compressions and rarefactions
13.
Grace is asked about amplitude in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- related to loudness / brightness
(b) [3 marks]
- not the length of the wave
14.
Grace is asked about wavelength in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- e.g. peak to peak
(b) [3 marks]
- metres
15.
Grace is asked about frequency in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- hertz
(b) [3 marks]
- pitch of sound
16.
Grace is asked about wave speed in a OCR Physics paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- also distance/time
(b) [3 marks]
- same in a given medium for that wave type
17.
v = fλ. 200 Hz, 1.7 m
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 340 m/s
18.
λ if v=3×10⁸ and f=6×10¹⁴
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 5 × 10⁻⁷ m
19.
T = 1/f. f = 50 Hz
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.02 s
20.
A wave travels 60 m in 0.20 s. Speed
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 300 m/s
21.
How many waves in 4.0 s if f=25 Hz
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 100
22.
A ripple has λ=4 cm and f=5 Hz. Speed in m/s
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.20 m/s
23.
Grace carries out a OCR-style required practical linked to waves. This is a typical OCR required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the independent variable for this topic
- Dependent: the measured outcome
(b) [2 marks]
- keep all other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- repeat and calculate a mean / use a tighter method
24.
Grace carries out collecting valid data for waves. This is a typical OCR required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a chosen factor
- Dependent: a quantitative measurement
(b) [2 marks]
- calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- systematic error from zero error
25.
Grace carries out drawing a graph for waves. This is a typical OCR required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: x-variable
- Dependent: y-variable
(b) [2 marks]
- same scale / same apparatus
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not drawing a line of best fit through the trend
26.
Grace carries out evaluating a method about waves. This is a typical OCR required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: method change
- Dependent: precision / accuracy
(b) [2 marks]
- same sample size
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- too few repeats
27.
Compare a transverse wave with a longitudinal wave.
[4 marks]
- oscillations perpendicular to direction of energy transfer
- oscillations parallel to energy transfer
- give one linked difference
28.
Compare a longitudinal wave with amplitude.
[4 marks]
- oscillations parallel to energy transfer
- maximum displacement from equilibrium
- give one linked difference
29.
Compare amplitude with wavelength.
[4 marks]
- maximum displacement from equilibrium
- distance between two corresponding points
- give one linked difference
30.
Compare wavelength with frequency.
[4 marks]
- distance between two corresponding points
- waves per second
- give one linked difference
31.
Apply your knowledge of the EM spectrum to this situation: all travel at c in vacuum
[3 marks]
- all travel at c in vacuum
32.
Apply your knowledge of reflection to this situation: angle i = angle r
[3 marks]
- angle i = angle r