1.
State what is meant by a eukaryotic cell.
[1 mark]
- cell with a nucleus and organelles
JD SCIENCE
Core biology — cells, molecules, microbiology and immunology
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by a prokaryotic cell.
[1 mark]
- no nucleus, DNA in the cytoplasm
3.
State what is meant by biological molecules.
[1 mark]
- carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
4.
State what is meant by an enzyme.
[1 mark]
- biological catalyst with an active site
5.
State what is meant by DNA.
[1 mark]
- double helix of nucleotides
6.
State what is meant by the cell cycle.
[1 mark]
- interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
7.
State what is meant by a pathogen.
[1 mark]
- organism or agent that causes disease
8.
State what is meant by the immune response.
[1 mark]
- non-specific then specific
9.
State what is meant by transport in organisms.
[1 mark]
- diffusion, osmosis, active transport
10.
State what is meant by microbiology.
[1 mark]
- study of microorganisms
11.
Pat is asked about a eukaryotic cell in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- animal, plant, fungal
(b) [3 marks]
- different from prokaryotes
12.
Pat is asked about a prokaryotic cell in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- bacteria
(b) [3 marks]
- 70S ribosomes, cell wall
13.
Pat is asked about biological molecules in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- built by condensation
(b) [3 marks]
- hydrolysed in digestion
14.
Pat is asked about an enzyme in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- affected by T, pH, inhibitors
(b) [3 marks]
- used in food and diagnostics
15.
Pat is asked about DNA in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- A-T and G-C
(b) [3 marks]
- codes for proteins
16.
Pat is asked about the cell cycle in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- growth and repair
(b) [3 marks]
- errors can cause tumours
17.
Magnification = 12 mm / 8 µm. Magnification?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: ×1500
18.
A culture doubles every 30 min. Cells from 1 after 3 h?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 64
19.
Enzyme rate 18 cm³ in 3 min. Mean rate?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 6 cm³/min
20.
A DNA sample is 20% adenine. Percentage thymine?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 20%
21.
Cfu: 45 colonies from 0.1 cm³ of a 10⁻⁴ dilution. cfu/cm³?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 4.5 × 10⁵
22.
SA:V of a 2 cm cube
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 3 : 1
23.
Pat carries out a T-Level occupational task on T-Level core biology. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the factor being investigated
- Dependent: the measured result or quality check
(b) [2 marks]
- follow the SOP and keep other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not recording the batch/lot number or operator ID
24.
Pat carries out writing or following an SOP for T-Level core biology. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a step in the method
- Dependent: whether the acceptance criteria are met
(b) [2 marks]
- same calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- skipping a verification check
25.
Pat carries out a COSHH / risk-assessment review for T-Level core biology. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: hazard
- Dependent: control measure effectiveness
(b) [2 marks]
- same PPE and waste route
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- using expired reagents or the wrong waste stream
26.
Pat carries out data review in a LIMS or quality log for T-Level core biology. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: sample ID
- Dependent: result vs specification
(b) [2 marks]
- same calculation method
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- transcription error between the instrument and the LIMS
27.
Compare a eukaryotic cell with an enzyme.
[4 marks]
- cell with a nucleus and organelles
- biological catalyst with an active site
- state one workplace implication
28.
Compare a prokaryotic cell with DNA.
[4 marks]
- no nucleus, DNA in the cytoplasm
- double helix of nucleotides
- state one workplace implication
29.
Compare biological molecules with the cell cycle.
[4 marks]
- carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
- interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
- state one workplace implication
30.
Compare an enzyme with a pathogen.
[4 marks]
- biological catalyst with an active site
- organism or agent that causes disease
- state one workplace implication
31.
Apply your knowledge of a pathogen to this situation: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
[3 marks]
- bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
32.
Apply your knowledge of the immune response to this situation: phagocytes, antibodies, memory cells
[3 marks]
- phagocytes, antibodies, memory cells