1.
State what is meant by atomic structure.
[1 mark]
- protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons in shells
JD SCIENCE
Core chemistry — reactions, rates and calculations
Indicative marking points. Award marks for equivalent scientific or mathematical wording. Do not issue this sheet with the student worksheet.
2.
State what is meant by bonding.
[1 mark]
- ionic, covalent, metallic
3.
State what is meant by a mole.
[1 mark]
- 6.02 × 10²³ particles
4.
State what is meant by a balanced equation.
[1 mark]
- same atoms on both sides
5.
State what is meant by concentration.
[1 mark]
- moles or grams per dm³
6.
State what is meant by an acid–base reaction.
[1 mark]
- H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O
7.
State what is meant by rate of reaction.
[1 mark]
- change in amount / time
8.
State what is meant by an equilibrium.
[1 mark]
- forward and reverse rates equal in a closed system
9.
State what is meant by organic chemistry.
[1 mark]
- carbon compounds, functional groups
10.
State what is meant by chemical analysis.
[1 mark]
- identify or quantify a substance
11.
Pat is asked about atomic structure in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- atomic number and mass number
(b) [3 marks]
- ions form by electron transfer
12.
Pat is asked about bonding in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- explains MP, conductivity, solubility
(b) [3 marks]
- used when choosing materials
13.
Pat is asked about a mole in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- n = m/M = cV
(b) [3 marks]
- basis of all lab calculations
14.
Pat is asked about a balanced equation in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- gives mole ratios
(b) [3 marks]
- needed before a yield calculation
15.
Pat is asked about concentration in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- c = n/V
(b) [3 marks]
- prepare with a volumetric flask
16.
Pat is asked about an acid–base reaction in a Pearson Science paper.
(a) [2 marks]
- salt plus water
(b) [3 marks]
- followed by titration
17.
n in 8.0 g NaOH (M=40)
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.20 mol
18.
c if 0.025 mol in 250 cm³
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.10 mol dm⁻³
19.
Titre 24.80 cm³ of 0.100 mol dm⁻³. Moles?
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.00248 mol
20.
Mr of CaCO₃ (Ca40, C12, O16)
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 100
21.
Percentage yield 7.2 g from 9.0 g
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 80%
22.
Rate: 40 cm³ gas in 50 s
[3 marks]
- Final answer: 0.80 cm³/s
23.
Pat carries out a T-Level occupational task on T-Level core chemistry. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: the factor being investigated
- Dependent: the measured result or quality check
(b) [2 marks]
- follow the SOP and keep other variables constant
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- not recording the batch/lot number or operator ID
24.
Pat carries out writing or following an SOP for T-Level core chemistry. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: a step in the method
- Dependent: whether the acceptance criteria are met
(b) [2 marks]
- same calibrated instrument
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- skipping a verification check
25.
Pat carries out a COSHH / risk-assessment review for T-Level core chemistry. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: hazard
- Dependent: control measure effectiveness
(b) [2 marks]
- same PPE and waste route
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- using expired reagents or the wrong waste stream
26.
Pat carries out data review in a LIMS or quality log for T-Level core chemistry. This is a typical Pearson required-practical style question.
(a) [2 marks]
- Independent: sample ID
- Dependent: result vs specification
(b) [2 marks]
- same calculation method
- so the test is fair / only one variable is changed
(c) [2 marks]
- transcription error between the instrument and the LIMS
27.
Compare atomic structure with a balanced equation.
[4 marks]
- protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons in shells
- same atoms on both sides
- state one workplace implication
28.
Compare bonding with concentration.
[4 marks]
- ionic, covalent, metallic
- moles or grams per dm³
- state one workplace implication
29.
Compare a mole with an acid–base reaction.
[4 marks]
- 6.02 × 10²³ particles
- H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O
- state one workplace implication
30.
Compare a balanced equation with rate of reaction.
[4 marks]
- same atoms on both sides
- change in amount / time
- state one workplace implication
31.
Apply your knowledge of rate of reaction to this situation: collision theory
[3 marks]
- collision theory
32.
Apply your knowledge of an equilibrium to this situation: Le Chatelier
[3 marks]
- Le Chatelier