1.
State what is meant by gas exchange in the lungs. [1]
JD SCIENCE
Digestion and circulation
Answer all questions. Show working. Answers are in a separate file on the Worksheets page — do not look at them until you have finished.
2.
State what is meant by an alveolus. [1]
3.
State what is meant by the circulatory system. [1]
4.
State what is meant by haemoglobin. [1]
5.
State what is meant by plasma. [1]
6.
State what is meant by digestion of protein. [1]
7.
State what is meant by the villus. [1]
8.
State what is meant by breathing. [1]
9.
State what is meant by coronary heart disease. [1]
10.
State what is meant by health. [1]
11.
Owain is asked about gas exchange in the lungs in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe gas exchange in the lungs. [2]
(b) Explain why gas exchange in the lungs is important in this topic. [3]
12.
Owain is asked about an alveolus in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe an alveolus. [2]
(b) Explain why an alveolus is important in this topic. [3]
13.
Owain is asked about the circulatory system in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe the circulatory system. [2]
(b) Explain why the circulatory system is important in this topic. [3]
14.
Owain is asked about haemoglobin in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe haemoglobin. [2]
(b) Explain why haemoglobin is important in this topic. [3]
15.
Owain is asked about plasma in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe plasma. [2]
(b) Explain why plasma is important in this topic. [3]
16.
Owain is asked about digestion of protein in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe digestion of protein. [2]
(b) Explain why digestion of protein is important in this topic. [3]
17.
Tidal volume 0.5 dm³, rate 12 /min. Calculate pulmonary ventilation. [3]
18.
A red blood cell is 8 µm wide and a capillary is 9 µm. Explain the significance, then calculate the difference. [3]
19.
Heart rate 75 bpm, stroke volume 80 cm³. Cardiac output? [3]
20.
A person runs and tidal volume rises from 0.5 to 1.5 dm³ and rate from 12 to 20. Find the new ventilation. [3]
21.
Cholesterol falls from 6.0 to 4.8 mmol/dm³. Percentage decrease? [3]
22.
An athlete's resting HR is 50 bpm. How many beats in 24 h? [3]
23.
Owain carries out investigating the effect of exercise on heart rate. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
24.
Owain carries out using a peak-flow meter or spirometer (demonstration). This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
25.
Owain carries out food tests linked to digestion products. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
26.
Owain carries out observing a blood smear or photomicrograph of blood. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
27.
Compare plasma with red blood cells. [4]
28.
Compare inhalation with exhalation. [4]
29.
Compare stents with statins. [4]
30.
Compare the pulmonary artery with the pulmonary vein. [4]
31.
Apply your knowledge of the villus to this situation: absorb fatty acids / glycerol [3]
32.
Apply your knowledge of breathing to this situation: pressure falls below atmospheric [3]