1.
State what is meant by a community. [1]
JD SCIENCE
Ecology and human impact
Answer all questions. Show working. Answers are in a separate file on the Worksheets page — do not look at them until you have finished.
2.
State what is meant by an ecosystem. [1]
3.
State what is meant by a producer. [1]
4.
State what is meant by a predator-prey cycle. [1]
5.
State what is meant by biodiversity. [1]
6.
State what is meant by the carbon cycle. [1]
7.
State what is meant by the water cycle. [1]
8.
State what is meant by eutrophication. [1]
9.
State what is meant by a quadrat. [1]
10.
State what is meant by a transect. [1]
11.
Owain is asked about a community in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe a community. [2]
(b) Explain why a community is important in this topic. [3]
12.
Owain is asked about an ecosystem in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe an ecosystem. [2]
(b) Explain why an ecosystem is important in this topic. [3]
13.
Owain is asked about a producer in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe a producer. [2]
(b) Explain why a producer is important in this topic. [3]
14.
Owain is asked about a predator-prey cycle in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe a predator-prey cycle. [2]
(b) Explain why a predator-prey cycle is important in this topic. [3]
15.
Owain is asked about biodiversity in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe biodiversity. [2]
(b) Explain why biodiversity is important in this topic. [3]
16.
Owain is asked about the carbon cycle in a WJEC Biology paper.
(a) Describe the carbon cycle. [2]
(b) Explain why the carbon cycle is important in this topic. [3]
17.
A 0.25 m² quadrat contains 8 dandelions. Estimate the number in a 100 m² field. [3]
18.
Five quadrats have 3, 5, 2, 6 and 4 plants. Calculate the mean. [3]
19.
A food chain has 10 000 kJ in grass and 1000 kJ in rabbits. Calculate the efficiency of transfer. [3]
20.
Only 1% of 2 × 10⁶ kJ of sunlight becomes biomass in plants. How much is stored? [3]
21.
A population of 200 deer increases by 15%. What is the new population? [3]
22.
Owain samples 10 quadrats of 1 m² in a 500 m² wood and finds a mean of 3 fungi. Estimate the total. [3]
23.
Owain carries out a random quadrat investigation of plant abundance. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
24.
Owain carries out a transect up a rocky shore or across a field. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
25.
Owain carries out measuring abiotic factors (light, temperature, pH, moisture). This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
26.
Owain carries out investigating decay with milk or compost and lipase / protease. This is a typical WJEC required-practical style question.
(a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable. [2]
(b) State one control variable and explain why it must be controlled. [2]
(c) Suggest one improvement or source of error and how it affects the result. [2]
27.
Compare biotic factors with abiotic factors. [4]
28.
Compare a food chain with a food web. [4]
29.
Compare decay with combustion. [4]
30.
Compare intensive farming with conservation. [4]
31.
Apply your knowledge of the water cycle to this situation: less transpiration [3]
32.
Apply your knowledge of eutrophication to this situation: decomposers use up oxygen [3]